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Multilingual Demographic Dictionary, second unified edition, English volume
Gene structure
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The probability that an individual of reproductive age will have a given number of offspring who also attain reproductive age may depend on his genotype (912-1). This differential reproduction is called selection 1. The selective value 2 or fitness value 2 of a genotype is the relative number of children of individuals with the genotype who survive to reproductive age. The mean selective value 3 or fitness 3 of a population is equal to the average of the selective values for the genotypes of its members. The genetic load 4 of the population is the relative decline in the mean value of fitness resulting from the presence of different genotypes with varying fitness values. Random fluctuation of the frequency with which a specific gene is found in different generations of a population is called the genetic drift 5. The gene structure 6 of a population refers to the distribution of the frequencies of different alleles (911-5) on a given locus (911-4) within the members of the population. The genotypic structure 7 of a population refers to the distribution of different genotypes on the same locus. More...