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Multilingual Demographic Dictionary, second unified edition, English volume
Heaping
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Section | English 152 |
Arabic 152 |
Czech 152 |
German 152 |
Spanish 152 |
French 152 |
Italian 152 |
Japanese 152 |
Portuguese 152 |
Russian 152 |
Chinese 152 |
152-1 | round number | أرقام مقربة—أرقام مدورة | zaokrouhlené číslo | runde Zahl | números redondos | nombre rond | cifra tonda | 丸めた数 | números arredondados | Округленное число | 整数 |
152-2 | heaping —digit preference |
جاذبية الأرقام المدورة—تراكم حول الأرقام المدورة | preference číslice | Bevorzugung runder Zahlen —Digitalpräferenz |
preferencia de dígitos | attraction des nombres ronds | tendenza all'arrotondamento | 集積 —末尾数字選好 |
preferência digital | Аккумуляция | 堆积 —数字的偏好 |
152-3 | age heaping | أرقام الجاذبة | Rundung von Altersangaben | números de atracción | nombres attractifs | cifre preferite —cifre simpatiche |
年齢集積 | preferência digital por idade | Возрастная аккумуляция | 年龄堆积 | |
152-4 | index of age preference | مؤشر التراكم—قرينة الجاذبية | Rundungsindex | índices de atracción —preferencia de dígitos |
indice d’attraction | indici di tendenza all'arrotondamento | 年齢選好指標 | índices de preferência digital | Коэффициент возрастной аккумуляции | 年龄偏好指数 | |
152-5 | age misreporting —age reporting bias |
أعمار الناقصة—أعمار المنحرفة | Altersangabefehler | error en la declaración de la edad —sesgo en la declaración de la edad |
年齢過誤申告 —年齢申告の偏り |
Неправильное указание возраста | 年龄错报 —年龄申报偏差 |
It is often necessary to graduate distributions to correct the tendency of people to give their replies in round numbers 1. Heaping 2 or digit preference 2 can be found in various duration distributions (e.g., distribution of marriage duration, breastfeeding duration or birth intervals), but is particularly frequent in age distributions and reflects a tendency for people to state their ages in numbers ending with 0, 5, or other preferred digits, but . Age heaping 3 is sometimes measured with indices of age preference 4. Age data must often be corrected for other forms of age misreporting 5 or age reporting bias 5 More...
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