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Multilingual Demographic Dictionary, second unified edition, English volume
Offspring
Translation | ||||||||||
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Section | English 114 |
Arabic 114 |
German 114 |
Spanish 114 |
Finnish 114 |
French 114 |
Italian 114 |
Polish 114 |
Portuguese 114 |
Russian 114 |
114-1 | descent | نسل (نسل) | Deszendent —Abkömmling —Nachfahr |
descendencia | jälkeläistö | descendance | discendenza | potomstwo | DESCENDÊNCIA | Происхождение |
114-2 | progenitor —ancestor |
سلف (سلف) | Aszendent —Stammvater —Stammutter —Vorfahr |
ascendiente | esivanhemmat | ascendant | ascendente | przodek | ASCENDENTE | Предок |
114-3 | blood, relative —genetic relatives —kin |
أقرباء الدم (دم)—أقرباء الدم (قرابة) | Verwandter —Blutsverwandter |
parientes | suku —verisukulainen |
parent —apparenté |
parente | krewni | PARENTE | Родственники |
114-4 | degree of relationship | درجة القربى (قرابة)—درجة القرابة (قرابة) | Grad der Blutsverwandtschaft | grado de parentesco | sukulaisuuden aste | degré de parenté | grado di parentela | osoby spokrewnione —stopień pokrewieństwa |
GRAU de parentesco | Степень (родства) |
114-5 | filial relation | بنوة (بنوة) | Zeugungsschritt | filiación | polveutuma | filiation | filiazione | synostwo | FILIAÇÃO | Происхождение детей от данных родителей |
114-6 | parenthood | أبوة و الأمومة (أب) | Vaterschaft —Vater-Kind-Beziehung —Mutterschaft —Mutter-Kind-Beziehung |
maternidad | vanhemmuus —isyys —äitiys |
paternité —soutien économique. principal ... |
paternità —maternità |
ojcostwo —macierzyństwo |
PATERNIDADE —MATERNIDADE |
Отцовство |
114-7 | offspring —progeny |
سلالة (سلالة)—خلف (خلف)—بيانات الخام (خام)—نسل (نسل) | Nachkommenschaft | prole | jälkeläinen | progéniture | figliolanza —prole |
progenitura | PROLE —PROGÊNIE |
Потомок |
114-8 | affinal relationship —relationship by marriage |
مصاهرة (انصهار)—صلة الزواج (صلة) | Schwägerschaft —Verschwägerung |
afmidad | aviosukulaisuus —lankous |
alliance | affinità | powinowactwo | AFINIDADE | Свойство |
Persons related through common descent 1 from the same progenitor 2 or ancestor 2 are called blood relatives 3 or genetic relatives 3 . The terms kin 3 and in an aggregate sense kinship group 3 are also used. The degree of relationship 4 is generally computed by reference to the number of steps which are necessary before a common ancestor is reached, but there are many different methods of computation. The fundamental relation in each of these steps is the filial relation 5 (cf. 112-6* and 112-7*) of child to parent, which is the reciprocal of parenthood 6 (112-2*) i.e. the relation of a couple or of a father or a mother to offspring 7 or progeny 7 . Blood relationship must be distinguished from relationship by marriage 8, which marriage establishes between one spouse and the kin of the other.
- 1. Descent, n. - descendant, n.: one linked through descent
- 2. Ancestor, n. - ancestral, adj.
- 3. Relative, n. - related, adj. - relationship, n.: the state of being related. The term relative is used for persons related by blood or marriage.
Kin, n. and adj. - kinship, n.: the state of being kin. Relatives is sometimes also used for the collection of all kin. - 7. Progeny, n.: this term may also be used for all of the descendants of a common ancestor.
- 8. In certain countries persons related by marriage may be referred to as in-laws: wife's family of origin are in-laws to husband and vice versa.
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