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Multilingual Demographic Dictionary, second unified edition, English volume
Difference between revisions of "Trend"
Multilingual Demographic Dictionary, second unified edition, English vol.
(Etienne van de Walle et al., second 1982 edition) |
(Etienne van de Walle et al., second 1982 edition) |
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{{NewLineT|S=150|N=3}} {{ | {{NewLineT|S=150|N=3}} {{ | ||
TofT|Lang=en|Ed=II|N=3|Color=yes|Te=fluctuation}}{{ | TofT|Lang=en|Ed=II|N=3|Color=yes|Te=fluctuation}}{{ | ||
| − | TofT|Lang=en|Ed=II|N=3|SubN=2|Te= | + | TofT|Lang=en|Ed=II|N=3|SubN=2|Te=variation}}{{ |
| − | TofT|Lang=en|Ed=II|N=3|SubN=3|Te= | + | TofT|Lang=en|Ed=II|N=3|SubN=3|Te=deviation}}{{ |
TofT|Lang=ar|Ed=II|N=3|Te=تقلبات}}{{ | TofT|Lang=ar|Ed=II|N=3|Te=تقلبات}}{{ | ||
TofT|Lang=ar|Ed=II|N=3|SubN=2|Te=تغيرات}}{{ | TofT|Lang=ar|Ed=II|N=3|SubN=2|Te=تغيرات}}{{ | ||
| Line 90: | Line 90: | ||
TofT|Lang=zh|Ed=II|N=4|SubN=2|Te=周期性波动}} | TofT|Lang=zh|Ed=II|N=4|SubN=2|Te=周期性波动}} | ||
{{NewLineT|S=150|N=5}} {{ | {{NewLineT|S=150|N=5}} {{ | ||
| − | TofT|Lang=en|Ed=II|N=5|Color=yes|Te=seasonal fluctuations | + | TofT|Lang=en|Ed=II|N=5|Color=yes|Te=seasonal fluctuations}}{{ |
TofT|Lang=ar|Ed=II|N=5|Te=حركات موسمية}}{{ | TofT|Lang=ar|Ed=II|N=5|Te=حركات موسمية}}{{ | ||
TofT|Lang=ar|Ed=II|N=5|SubN=2|Te=تقلبات موسمية}}{{ | TofT|Lang=ar|Ed=II|N=5|SubN=2|Te=تقلبات موسمية}}{{ | ||
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|150_2_1_en_II Trend.ogg|'''trend''' | |150_2_1_en_II Trend.ogg|'''trend''' | ||
|150_3_1_en_II Fluctuation.ogg|'''fluctuation''' | |150_3_1_en_II Fluctuation.ogg|'''fluctuation''' | ||
| − | |150_3_2_en_II | + | |150_3_2_en_II Variation.ogg|'''variation''' |
| − | |150_3_3_en_II | + | |150_3_3_en_II Deviation.ogg|'''deviation''' |
|150_4_1_en_II Cyclical fluctuation.ogg|'''cyclical fluctuation''' | |150_4_1_en_II Cyclical fluctuation.ogg|'''cyclical fluctuation''' | ||
|150_4_2_en_II Period fluctuation.ogg|'''period fluctuation''' | |150_4_2_en_II Period fluctuation.ogg|'''period fluctuation''' | ||
| − | |150_5_1_en_II Seasonal fluctuations | + | |150_5_1_en_II Seasonal fluctuations.ogg|'''seasonal fluctuations''' |
|150_6_1_en_II Irregular fluctuation.ogg|'''irregular fluctuation''' | |150_6_1_en_II Irregular fluctuation.ogg|'''irregular fluctuation''' | ||
|150_7_1_en_II Chance fluctuations.ogg|'''chance fluctuations''' | |150_7_1_en_II Chance fluctuations.ogg|'''chance fluctuations''' | ||
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[[en-II:trend]] [[ar-II:إتجاه]] [[cs-II:trend]] [[de-II:Trend]] [[es-II:tendencia]] [[fr-II:tendance]] [[it-II:tendenza generale]] [[ja-II:趨勢（トレンド）]] [[pt-II:tendência]] [[ru-II:Тенденция]] [[zh-II:趋势]] | [[en-II:trend]] [[ar-II:إتجاه]] [[cs-II:trend]] [[de-II:Trend]] [[es-II:tendencia]] [[fr-II:tendance]] [[it-II:tendenza generale]] [[ja-II:趨勢（トレンド）]] [[pt-II:tendência]] [[ru-II:Тенденция]] [[zh-II:趋势]] | ||
</noinclude> | </noinclude> | ||
| + | {{DEFAULTSORT:Trend}} | ||
<noinclude> | <noinclude> | ||
[[Category:Term of the second edition of the multilingual demographic Dictionary]] | [[Category:Term of the second edition of the multilingual demographic Dictionary]] | ||
Latest revision as of 06:02, 5 February 2010
| Translation | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Section | English 150 |
Arabic 150 |
Czech 150 |
German 150 |
Spanish 150 |
French 150 |
Italian 150 |
Japanese 150 |
Portuguese 150 |
Russian 150 |
Chinese 150 |
| 150-1 | time series | متسلسلات زمنية | časová řada | Zeitreihe | serie cronológica | série chronologique | serie storica —serie temporale —serie cronologica |
時系列 | série temporal —série histórica |
Временной ряд | 时间数列 |
| 150-2 | trend | إتجاه—إتجاه عام—إتجاه على المدى الطويل—حركة عامة | trend | Trend | tendencia —tendencia general —tendencia a largo plazo |
tendance —tendance générale —tendance à long terme —mouvement général |
tendenza generale —tendenza di fondo |
趨勢（トレンド） | tendência | Тенденция —Тренд |
趋势 |
| 150-3 | fluctuation —variation —deviation |
تقلبات—تغيرات—حركات الخاصة | kolísámí | Schwankung —Fluktuation —Abweichung |
fluctuaciones —desviaciones |
variation —fluctuation —mouvement particulier |
andamenti particolari —variazioni particolari —fluttuazioni |
変動 —偏差 |
flutuações —variações —desvios |
Колебания —Отклонения —Девиации |
波动 —变动 —离差 |
| 150-4 | cyclical fluctuation —period fluctuation |
حركة دورية | cyklické kolísání | zyklische Schwankung —periodische Schwankung |
fluctuación cíclica | mouvement périodique —mouvement cyclique |
andamento periodico —variazione periodica —variazione ciclica |
循環変動 —周期的変動 |
flutuações cíclicas —flutuações periódicas |
Циклические колебания —Периодические колебания |
循环波动 —周期性波动 |
| 150-5 | seasonal fluctuations | حركات موسمية—تقلبات موسمية | sezónní kolísání | Saisonschwankung | movimientos estacionales —variaciones estacionales |
mouvement saisonnier —variation saisonnière |
movimenti stagionali —variazioni stagionali |
季節変動 | flutuações sazonais | Сезонные колебания | 季节性波动 |
| 150-6 | irregular fluctuation | شذوذ—تغير عارض | nepravidelné kolísání | irreguläre Schwankung —Restschwankung |
irregularidades —variaciones residuales |
irrégularité —variation résiduelle —variation accidentelle —perturbation |
irregolarità —variazioni residue —variazioni residuali —variazioni erratiche —variazioni saltuarie |
不規則変動 | flutuações residuais | Неравномерные отклонения | 不规则波动 |
| 150-7 | chance fluctuations —random fluctuations |
تقلب مصادفة—تقلب عشوائي | náhodné kolísání | Zufallsschwankung | variaciones aleatorias —fluctuaciones aleatorias |
variation aléatoire —fluctuation aléatoire |
variazioni aleatorie —fluttuazioni aleatorie |
偶然変動 —無作為変動 |
flutuações aleatórias —variações aleatórias |
Случайные отклонения | 偶然性波动 —随机性波动 |
When values of a demographic variable are available over time, a demographic time series 1 is obtained. It is sometimes possible to decompose a time series into a trend 2 around which there are fluctuations 3, variations 3, or deviations 3 (141-2). Where such fluctuations tend to recur after certain periods, usually several years, they are called cyclical fluctuations 4 or, more generally, period fluctuations 4. In demography the most common period for compiling data is a year, and the fluctuations in sub-periods of a year are called seasonal fluctuations 5. The fluctuations that remain after trend, cyclical, and seasonal fluctuations have been eliminated are called irregular fluctuations 6. They may be due to exceptional factors such as wartime mobilization, or sometimes they are chance fluctuations 7 or random fluctuations 7.
- 3. In a general sense the term variation may be used to describe change in any value or set of values for a variable.
- 4. Periodic, adj. - period, n. - periodicity, n. cyclical, adj. - cycle, n.
- 7. Random, adj.: due to chance (cf. 161-1).
Audio pronunciation
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