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Multilingual Demographic Dictionary, second unified edition, English volume
Gametes
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The transmission of hereditary characteristics operates through genes 1 which are transmitted to children by their parents. Genetics 2 is the science concerned with the transmission and effects of hereditary factors. The genes are carried by chromosomes 3 which are long filaments of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) located in the cell’s nucleus. The position of a gene on a chromosome is called its locus 4. Genes occupying the same locus affect the same characteristic, although they do so in various ways which correspond to various alleles 5 of the gene in this locus. The new cell formed by the union of two sexual cells or gametes 6 during the process of conception (602-1) is called a zygote 7.
- 1. All of the genes carried by an individual are collectively called his or her genetic endowment.
- 2. Genetics, n. - genetic, adj. - geneticist, n.: a specialist in genetics.